Internal-combustion engine.



H. T R O W D 0 0 w L..

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 10, 1909.

2 SHEETS-BREST 1.

Inu enter' Wtnesses:

L. WOODWORTH. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED Nov.1o, 1909.

991,406.L Panamayz, 1911.

2 SHEETS-*SHEET 2.

n I .l l

Witnesses inventori:

PATENT OFFICE LYMAN WOODWORTH, F SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFVOBNIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented-May 2, 1911.

Application led November 10, 1909. Serial No. 527,198.-l

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be 1t known that I, IJYMAN IVoOnWoRTII. a citizen of the'Unlted States,residing at pression, electricity, or a ,hotbody, and Aburned withair,preferably compressed, the

heated air and products-of-colnbustion constituting or serving as theworking-fluid of the engine. i

The object of lny invention is to vincrease the efficiency and improvethe fuel economy of internal-cominlstion engines.

My invention consists in certain improvements in thecombustioli-chambers, cylinders, cylinder-heads, and pistons ofii'iternalcombustion engines and in certain combinations of parts withcoatings or linings of suitable metal as nickel secured in place byelectro-deposition to the interior surfaces thereof, confining the hotworking-fluid of the engine, as will be more fully hereinafter describedin connection with the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a side elevation, partly in `section, of an internal-combustion engine embodying or containing my improvements.

Fig. 2 shows an end elevation, partly in section, of the engine shown inFig. 1. Fig. 3 'shows a cross-section A--A .of the combustion-chamber ofFig. 1. Fi 4 shows a longitudinal-section of the cylinder, cylinderhead,and piston Vof an internal-combustion motor with my improvements. Fig. 5shows a.longitudinal-sectlon of the cylinder, cylinder-heads, and pistonof a double-actin gas engine with my improvements. Fig. 6 s ows a sideelevation, partly in section, of a, water" cooled gas engineI pistonwith my improvements. Fig. 7 is an end elev/ation of the parts shown inFig.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the waterjacketed cylinder 1`mountedupon the engine frame 4 is provided with the water-` jaeketedcombustion-chamber 2, and the pis-i ton 3. '.lhe combustion-chamber 2,contains the admission valve 5, the exhaust Valve (i, and the i niter 7,and is suitably secured to the cylin er by fastenings 40. The iston 3 isconnected by rod 10, to the crank-s aft 11, mounted in suitable bearings12, in the frame 4. Upon the crank-shaft 11 is mounted the flywheel 15.The cam-shaft 18 is operated by the gear-wheels 1G and 17 so as to makeone revolution to every two revolutions of the crank-shaft 11, andprovided with suitable cams and connections for operating the admissionvalve '5. the i iter 7, and the eX- haust valve as is wel understood inengines ofthe class described. The combustion chamber 2 and iston 3.'which serve to coni fine the hot. wel" ing-fluid of the engine, arecombined with the interior coatings or linings 20, and 21 respectivelyof suitable metal as nickel, secured 1n place by electro-deposition.'.lhe combustion-chamber 2 is preferably mude in lengtlrequal to thestroke of the piston more orless, and in inside diameter sufficientlygreater than the outside diameter of the piston 3 to be out offrictional contact therewith. In some forms of my invention, the enginepiston 3 is made so that ft'docs not extend beyond the guide walls ofthe cylinder proper; but I prefer to make the piston reach into thecombustion-charnbcr 2. a length equal to one-third of the piston-strokemore or less, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Referring to Fig. 4, the combustion space end of the water-jacketedcylinder 1 is counterbored to clear the piston for a length equal to itsdiameter more or less, and capped by the water-jacketed cylinder-head 1containing the admission valve 5 and exhaust valve 6. The counterboredportion of the cylinder 1, andthe interior faces of the cylinder-head 1and piston 3 that confine the hot gases are combmed with the interiorelectro-deposited linings or coatings in manner similar to the analogousparts 'in Figs. '1 and 2.

In Fig. 5 is shown a double-acting gas engine cylinder with myimprovements, the heat exposed parts being suitably cooled by means ofthe circulation of cooling fluid or water in theusual manner. Thecounterbored ends of the cylinderl 1, the interior faces of thecylinder-heads 1, and the faces of the piston 3 are combined with theinterior coatings s'pectively of suitable metal as nickel secured inplace by electro-deposition, which several or linings 20, 20', and 21re.

out the casting, is connected by articulated piping 60, 62, 64 and 66for leading cooling# fluid thereto; and connections 61, 63, 65 and ($7for conducting fluid therefrom. The terminal supply and exhaustconnections 66 and 67 respectivel are preferably mounted upon theenginerame 4. Obviously, telescoping pilping might be used instead of thearticulate piping for the purposes above described. V

In my invention, the said electro-deposition of the said interior coatins, facings, or linings -Inay be affected or perfgormed in any suitablemanner; preferably by first making the said interior surfaces smooth,bright and clean, then, using an electrolyte of nickelammonium sulfateor its equivalent, an anode of nickel or its equivalent, and a suitablecurrent of electricity; the electro-de- )osited nickeloritsequivalent,wbeing then buffed or polished, as is well understood andrequires no detailed description.

In my inventionfI regard such metals as cobalt or palladium equivalentto nickel;

though I deem nickel preferable to its analogues, I do not limit myselfto nickel. The function of the said electro-deposited interiorcoatingsis to favor adiabatic-expansion of the hot working gas in themotor.

By the Vconstructions and combinations in internal-combustion engines ofcoatings o1' linings of suitable metal as nickel secured in place byelectro-deposition to the interior surfaces thereof confining the hotWorkin iiuid of the engine as herein described, tie objectof myinvention is attained.4

Having described my invention, I claim 1'. The combination with aninternal combustion en ine, of linings of suitable metal as nickel, ecetro-deposited upon the interior surfaces of the walls in'losing thespace 35 formed in the heat exposed.

wherein the workingfluid of the engine is ignited the said lmings having'suitable means for cooling, substantially as described.

2. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination with thecombustion-chamber of coatings or linings of suitable metal as nickelsecured in place by electro-deposition to the interior surfaces thereof,and suitable means for cooling said combustion-chamber by circulation ofcooling fluid, substantially as shown and described.

3. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination with the cylinderof coatings or linings of suitable metal asnickel secured in place byelectro-deposition to the interior surfaces thereof noty in frictionalcontact with the piston, and suitable means for coolingsaid' cylinder bycirculation of coolin fluid, substantially as shown and describefgl.

4. In an internal-combustion engine, the

'combination with the cylinder-head of coatings or linings of suitablemetal as nickel secured in place by electro-deposition to the interiorsurfaces thereof, and suitable means for cooling said cylinder-headV bycirculation of cooling-fluid, substantially as shown and described.

5. In an internalfcombustion engine, ,the

combination with the piston of coatings or facings of suitable metal asnickel secured in place by electro-de vosition to the surfaces thereofconfining t e hot working-fluid of the engine, substantially as shownand 'described. '6. In an internal-combustion engine, the combinationwith the piston of coatings or facings of suitable metal as nickelsecured in place by electro-deposition to the surfaces thereof confiningthe hot Working-fluid of the engine, and suitable means for coolin saidpiston by circulation ofcooling flui n substantially as shown anddescribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in presence of twosubscribing Witnesses.

LMaN vvvooDWoR'rH.

Witnesses i i A. L. WooDwoR'rH, Y E. W. HonsMAN.

